A volunteer association exists where a group of volunteers work together for community purposes and none of the volunteers (whether alone or jointly) employ any person to carry out work for the association. Such an association does not constitute a PCBU for purposes of the Work Health and Safety Act.

The concept of 'being at work' encompasses both the performance of work (at any time or location) and when the worker is engaged in some other activity which is authorised or permitted by their employer or principal. The focal point of the definition is on the worker (the applicant), and the individuals who engage in unreasonable behaviour need not be 'at work' at the time they engage in that behaviour.

The failure to preserve CCTV footage, while not always appropriate (particularly before litigation became a known prospect), may not create unfairness if the disputes do not depend on what was said, demeanour, or physical contact, and substantial common ground exists about whether exchanges took place.

The Body Corporate cannot reasonably be held accountable for the actions of residents or disputes between neighbours, though they do have a duty to take reasonable steps to ensure workers are not subjected to unreasonable behaviour while performing work.