Benchmark WA Industrial Relations Case Database

General protections Jordan Trew

[2026] FWC 698 Fair Work Commission 2026-01-01
Source
Deputy President O’neill
Not yet cited by other cases
Applicant: Jordan Trew

Ratio

An application for extension of time to lodge a general protections claim under s.365 FW Act was dismissed because the applicant failed to establish exceptional circumstances. The one-day delay (filing on 28 January instead of 27 January) was caused by a 5-hour power outage on the deadline day, but the applicant elected not to attempt submission from an alternative location with electricity and provided no satisfactory explanation for the further delay until the next evening.

Outcome

Against applicant dismissed

Authority signal

Not yet cited by other cases Signal-weighted score: 0.0
Derived from how later decisions have treated this case. Dark green = leading authority, green = positively treated, grey = neutral or sparse data, amber = caution, red = treated negatively.

Key facts · 11

  • Applicant was dismissed on 6 January 2026
  • Applicant states he was forced to resign
  • 21-day time limit for filing general protections claim expired on 27 January 2026 at 11:59 pm
  • Application lodged on 28 January 2026 at 11:56 pm, one day late
  • Power outage affected applicant's home from 7 pm on 27 January due to extreme weather, lasting approximately 5 hours until around 11:30 pm
  • Applicant relocated to another location with electricity due to the outage
  • Applicant had been granted exemption from office attendance in February 2025
  • Revised policy in August 2025 required one day per month office attendance from 23 October 2025
  • Medical letter dated 20 October 2025 certified applicant fit to trial one day per month office attendance from 17 November 2025
  • Applicant certified unfit for work with staggered return, ultimately returning to regular hours from 1 December 2025
  • Applicant had been in ongoing discussions since tendering resignation but details not specified

Factors

For
  • Applicant was in ongoing discussions since the date he tendered his resignation (treated as slightly in favour of finding exceptional circumstances)
  • No prejudice to the employer from the one-day delay
Against
  • Power outage only lasted 5 hours on the final day, and applicant had relocated to a location with electricity
  • No sufficient explanation provided for why applicant could not submit application from alternative location with electricity
  • Applicant did not specify which resources were necessary to submit application that were unavailable
  • Application form could have been submitted with basic details before midnight with further information provided the next morning
  • Applicant did not attempt submission until last minute, creating risk of something going awry
  • Application was not lodged until 11:56 pm on 28 January, almost a full day after the deadline, with no explanation for this period of delay
  • Merits of the application are at best neutral: applicant was strongly opposed to any office attendance despite medical clearance for one day per month
  • Employer acted reasonably and consistent with applicant's medical advice
  • Applicant had alternatives to resigning including raising dispute under enterprise agreement or trialling the arrangements

Legislation referenced

  • Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) s.365
  • Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) s.366
  • Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) Pt 3-1

Concept tags · 5

[P]General protections (FW Act Pt 3-1) [P]Extension of time to file [P]Time limits for filing [S]Constructive dismissal (federal) [S]Flexible work request (federal s65)

Principles · 3

articulates para 2
The circumstances from the date the dismissal took effect may be relevant in assessing whether the reasons for the delay are acceptable, reasonable or credible and may inform the weight attached to the reason.
articulates para 4
To obtain an extension of time for a general protections claim, the applicant must establish exceptional circumstances as prescribed by s.366 of the Fair Work Act, which is described as a high bar.
cites para 1 · from [2025] FWCFB 173
An application for extension of time can be dealt with on the assumption that there was a dismissal from employment.

Cases cited in this decision · 1

Cited
[2025] FWCFB 173 — Graeme Taylor v Department of Justice and Community Safety
"…authority of the Commonwealth Government Printer <PR797292> 1 I consider the application for extension of time can be dealt with on the assumption that there was a dismissal from employment: Graeme Taylor v...…"
Archived text (1158 words)
1 Fair Work Act 2009 s.365—General protections Jordan Trew (C2026/766) DEPUTY PRESIDENT O’NEILL ADELAIDE, 3 MARCH 2026 Application made under s 365 – extension of time – application dismissed. [1] Mr Jordan Trew has made an application under s.365 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) in which he alleges that he was dismissed in contravention of Part 3-1. The applicant states that his dismissal occurred on 6 January 2026 and that he was forced to resign. Assuming for present purposes that the applicant was dismissed from his employment, the 21-day time prescribed by s.366(1) of the Act expired at 11:59 pm on 27 January 2026.1 The applicant lodged his general protections application at 11:56 pm on 28 January 2026, one day late. In order for the application to proceed, the applicant requires an extension of time. The Commission can only extend time if it is satisfied that there are “exceptional circumstances”, taking into account the matters in s.366(2) of the Act. [2] As to the reasons for delay,2 the period of the delay concerned is the period between midnight on 27 January until 11:56 pm on 28 January, when the application was lodged. However, the circumstances from the date the dismissal took effect may be relevant in assessing whether the reasons for the delay are acceptable, reasonable or credible and may inform the weight that is attached to the reason. In this case, this relates to the circumstances in relation to the period between 6 January 2026 until midnight on 28 January 2026. [3] The applicant’s explanation for the delay is that on 27 January 2026 there was a power outage affecting his home from 7 pm due to extreme weather, and that the electricity provider advised that power would not be returned until 6 am the next morning. Whilst power did resume around 11:30 pm that night, the applicant had already left to stay at another location due to the power outage and states that he “therefore did not have access to all of my resources to submit the application before midnight.” [4] I do not accept that this is a reasonable explanation for the delay. The outage of power was for a short timeframe of 5 hours between 7pm and midnight on the very last day for lodging his application. I accept that the power outage during extreme weather was unusual. However, the applicant elected to not attempt to submit the application until the last minute, with the attendant risk of something going awry, which it did. The applicant had also temporarily relocated to somewhere else that had electricity, and no sufficient explanation has been provided as to why he was unable to submit the application from there. Importantly, the applicant does not specify which resources he did not have access to that were necessary to submit his general protections application before midnight. For example, the application form [2026] FWC 698 DECISION [2026] FWC 698 2 could have been submitted with the basic details before midnight and further information provided the next morning if necessary. The application form along with other information on the Commission’s website makes it clear that an extension of time may only be given if there are exceptional circumstances, and that this is a high bar. Further, the application was not made until 11:56 pm the next night, almost a full day later, and no explanation has been provided for this period of delay. The absence of an acceptable reason for the delay weighs against a conclusion that there are exceptional circumstances and the granting of additional time. [5] As to the matters in s.366(2)(b)(c),(d) and (e) I accept the applicant’s submission that he had been in ongoing discussions since the day he tendered his resignation. However, the applicant has not detailed the nature of such discussions and whether they constituted action to dispute the dismissal. However, I have treated this as slightly in favour of a finding of exceptional circumstances. There is no prejudice to the employer, and this is a neutral factor. [6] As to the merits of the application, the Applicant submits that his resignation was “the foreseeable consequence of sustained pressure, prejudicial alteration of working arrangements, and disregard of medical advice.” The circumstances involved the applicant being required to cease solely working from home and attend the office on some occasions. In February 2025, the applicant sought and was granted an exemption from the then requirement to work at least some time from the office. Under a revised policy in August 2025, discussions ensued and on 23 October 2025 the applicant was informed he would be required to work one day per month from the office. His medical letter dated 20 October 2025 stated that he would be fit to trial working one day per month from the office from 17 November 2025. On the same date he was certified as being unfit for any work for a period followed by a staggered return to work, ultimately returning to his regular hours from 1 December 2025. The applicant says that he continued to experience pressure regarding implementation of the monthly office attendance requirement and conveyed to his manager the cumulative impact of “the situation” on his health, and that if “matters did not change”, he feared he may be unable to continue his employment. From these events, the merits of the applicant’s case do not appear strong. It appears that the applicant simply was strongly opposed to being required to attend the office at all. The employer appears to have acted reasonably and consistent with the applicant’s medical advice that he was fit to trial working from the office one day per month, which was all he was being directed to do. The applicant had several alternatives to resigning. He could have raised a dispute under the enterprise agreement; he could have trialled the arrangements, consistent with his medical advice. In my view, the merits of the application is at best a neutral consideration. Finally, no relevant matters regarding the question of fairness between the applicant and other people in a similar position have been drawn to my attention. [7] Taking into account the matters in s.366(2) of the Act, I am not satisfied that there are exceptional circumstances in this case. There is therefore no basis for the Commission to extend time for the applicant to make the application. The general protections involving dismissal application is therefore dismissed. [8] I order that the application under section 365 of the Act made by Jordan Trew on 28 January 2026 in case number C2026/766 is dismissed. [2026] FWC 698 3 DEPUTY PRESIDENT Determined on the papers Printed by authority of the Commonwealth Government Printer <PR797292> 1 I consider the application for extension of time can be dealt with on the assumption that there was a dismissal from employment: Graeme Taylor v Department of Justice and Community Safety [2025] FWCFB 173 at [71]-[73]. 2 Section 366(2)(a) of the Act.